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In the latter half of the 19th century, the Spanish Navy had built a series of ironclad warships that culminated in the barbette ship ''Pelayo'' in the 1880s. Following the destruction of much of the Spanish fleet in the Spanish–American War in 1898, Spain slowly began to rebuild its navy. In the early 20th century, the Spanish Navy built three battleships and planned several more; the three ships that were completed were the vessels of the . These ships were the smallest dreadnought-type battleships ever built. A further three ships of the were authorized by the Navy Law of 1913, but the outbreak of World War I prevented these ships from being built, as Spain was heavily dependent on Great Britain for material and technical expertise. The three completed battleships all served in the Rif War in North Africa, where the lead ship, ''España'', ran aground and was wrecked. Following the end of the First World War, occasional plans for the construction of new battleships were proposed, including a small design deriving from Britain's powerful s. However, nothing had come of these efforts by the time of the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. Following the victory of Francisco Franco's Nationalists in that conflict, in which both of the surviving Spanish battleships—one serving on the side of the Nationalists, the other on that of the Republicans—had been destroyed, proposals for the construction of four fast battleships to an Italian design, as well as the construction of "large cruisers" - the only battlecruiser designs proposed for or by Spain - were made. However, the outbreak of the Second World War resulted in these plans being disrupted. ==''España'' class== (詳細はdreadnoughts, and also the smallest of that type of ship ever to be built.〔Gardiner & Gray, pp. 376, 378〕 Considered by some to be more "Dreadnought-type coast-defense ships" than pure battleships,〔 the three ships of the class were built in Ferrol by ''Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval'' (SECN), the lead ship being completed in under four years, but the onset of World War I resulted in delays to the remaining two ships, and especially the third, as equipment and armament deliveries from England were disrupted due to the war.〔 Obsolete before completion due to the rapid progress of naval technology, the ''España''s saw combat service in the Rif Wars and the Spanish Civil War, ''España'' being wrecked on the Moroccan coast in 1923,〔 ''Alfonso XIII'' being renamed ''España'' following the establishment of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931.〔Garzke and Dulin, p. 437〕 In the mid-1930s, it was proposed that the two surviving ships of the class be rebuilt as "pocket battleships", including a lengthening of the hull and rearranging of the turrets to a centreline alignment.〔Garzke and Dulin, p. 438〕 By 1936, a more modest rebuild was proposed, including conversion to oil firing, but the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War put this plan to rest.〔Garzke and Dulin, p. 439〕 The remaining two ships of the class, one operating on each side, were both lost in the Spanish Civil War. ''España'' (ex-''Alfonso XIII''), serving the Nationalist side, struck a mine in April 1937 and sunk, while ''Jaime I'' fighting as part of the Republican navy, suffered an internal explosion at Cartagena in June 1937, being scuttled as a precautionary measure afterwards. The wreck was raised the following year before being scrapped in 1939.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of battleships of Spain」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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